Irrigoscopy - what is it, preparing the patient and performing the procedure

In modern medicine, a new procedural examination called irrigoscopy has been discovered, what is it? Irrigoscopy refers to the examination of the intestinal area with X-rays. This procedure is based on the use of a special X-ray contrast agent, which allows one to study the colon area of ​​the large intestine down to small details. The effect of the drug is based on the intestinal capacity for x-rays and not passing them through an organ filled with a radiopaque substance. Thanks to this, the intestinal area is practically invisible on standard photographs, and when using irrigoscopy methods, all parts of this organ are clearly visible.

Indications

The irrigoscopy method is used to diagnose the following diseases:

• Fistulas;
• Tumors in the large intestine;
• Megacolon;
• Spikes;
• Scarring;
• Diverticula;
• Inflammation in the colon (chronicle).

Irrigoscopy is prescribed when:

• The functioning of the intestines (large) is impaired;
• There are difficulties with defecation;
• There are abdominal pains, but the causes are unclear;
• An inflammatory process in the intestinal area is suspected;
• There are substances of a different color in the feces;
• There are recurrent formations;
• They want to assess the consistency of anastomoses in the intestines.

Contraindications for surgery

The study is contraindicated in patients who have:

• Acute ulcerative colitis;
• Perforation (formation of a through hole) of the colon;
• Serious condition;
• Suspicion of perforation of the colon;
• Megacolon is toxic;
• Ischemic colitis;
• Arterial hypertension with the presence of tachycardia;
• Lactation;
• Pregnancy;
• Early childhood.

Biopsy

Irrigoscopy should be performed carefully if:

• There is diverticulitis;
• Bloody diarrhea;
• The chronicle was diagnosed with ulcerative colitis;
• There is cystic pneumatosis.

Kinds

There are two forms of irrigoscopy.

Procedure with a simple contrast method

This form of irrigoscopy involves the use of barium alone.

This research method should be done for older people and patients whose health has deteriorated in the postoperative period. It is done to determine intestinal motility.

With such filling of the intestine, this method allows you to obtain the clearest contours.

Double contrast procedure

This method involves the use of barium suspension and air.

It reveals tumors, ulcerative defects of the intestine, polyps in the intestinal lumen, intestinal obstructions and diverticula.

Rules for collecting urine for general analysis

Urine for testing must be collected correctly to ensure accurate and accurate diagnostic data. Incorrectly collected urine cannot be analyzed adequately, so the result of the general analysis in this case is incorrect. Only correctly collected urine guarantees the correct analysis result.

To collect the required average portion of morning urine, you must adhere to the following collection method:

1. Get up in the morning and immediately wash your external genitalia with warm water. Do not urinate before collecting urine for analysis!
2. After washing, dry the perineum with a towel and sit comfortably in the bathtub, toilet or over the basin.
3. Prepare a clean urine container by holding it in your right hand (or left hand for left-handed people).
4. Release about a quarter of your urine into the toilet, bathtub, or basin, then hold your urine.
5. Place the urine container near the urethra.
6. Release about half more urine into the container.
7. Remove the container with urine for analysis from the urethra.
8. Release the last of your urine into the toilet, bathtub, or basin. The amount of urine for analysis must be at least 50 ml.

The collected urine should be submitted for analysis on the same day, within 2–3 hours. If you were unable to submit the collected urine to the laboratory, it is better to throw it away and collect another portion the next day. A clean urine container can be obtained from a laboratory or purchased at a pharmacy. Before collecting urine for a general analysis, strong physical activity, exposure to heat and cold, and taking medications should be avoided. Remember that obtaining the correct test result, which will help in diagnosing various diseases, is conditioned by following the rules for collecting urine.

Preparation

It is very important to properly and well prepare the patient for the procedure. If the intestines are not completely cleansed, particles from other procedures remain, there are difficulties with barium retention in the body, or there is a psychological factor, then the result of the study may be distorted.

You need to prepare for the procedure like this:

• For a week, it is recommended to go on a diet with a minimized amount of protein and fiber, as well as foods that promote gas formation;
• Four days in advance, it is necessary to discontinue medications that increase or decrease intestinal motility;
• The day before irrigoscopy, you can fast for medicinal purposes and drink water heavily so that you can drink about three liters per day;
• From six o'clock in the evening the night before irrigoscopy you do not need to eat or drink;
• Requires bowel cleansing with an enema and laxatives.

If you are taking medications that affect blood clotting or anti-inflammatory drugs, your doctor should indicate their use. The day before surgery, all medications are discontinued, with the exception of insulin.

Irrigoscopy

This is an X-ray examination of the colon with retrograde injection of a barium sulfate-based X-ray contrast agent into it. Preparation

In order to examine the large intestine, it is necessary that there is no feces in its lumen.

The success and informativeness of the study is determined by the quality of preparation for the procedure.

We refuse laxatives. Drink enough liquid (mineral water, weak tea).

Option 1

– at 19.00 - 20.00 we begin to do 3-4 cleansing enemas with warm water or chamomile decoction with a volume of 1.5-2 liters. At intervals of half an hour. On the day of the study, 2-3 hours before the procedure, 1-2 enemas. It is necessary to cleanse the intestines to “clean waters” and get rid of feces.

Option 2

– the drug “Moviprep” or “Fortrans” in the pharmacy. We take it according to the instructions. It is necessary to cleanse the intestines to “clean waters” and get rid of feces.

ATTENTION! — PREPARATION IS MANDATORY. WITHOUT IT THE STUDY WILL BE DENIED. We strongly ask you to bring with you: a large sheet, toilet paper. We recommend wet wipes, additional underwear, an outpatient card or appointment, and a note from the attending physician.

We don’t starve, we can have a light breakfast in the morning.

The day before the test, you need to exclude from your diet coarse fiber and foods that cause excessive gas formation (cabbage, fruits, carbonated drinks, brown bread, dairy products, etc.). To prevent hungry gases, you can take Espumisan, activated carbon.

If two complementary procedures are prescribed - irrigoscopy and colonoscopy. Irrigoscopy can be performed only 3 days after colonoscopy. Endoscopic examination (colonoscopy) can be performed only 3-4 days after irrigoscopy, in older people after 7 days.

How the procedure will go:

The most commonly used contrast agent is barium sulfate, which is administered directly through the rectum. It is necessary to take into account the patient's ability to hold a barium enema with a volume of at least 1 liter for a successful procedure.

We take out the sheet, take off the clothes below the waist, leaving the underwear on. You will then be asked to lie down on the x-ray machine table. A white barium suspension will be injected into the rectum through a special tip (tube). A feeling of fullness of the intestine with gases, which causes the urge to defecate. Moderate pain as the intestine stretches with the introduction of barium and air. Also, when the suspension overcomes the bends of the intestinal loops, tension occurs in the folds of the peritoneum.

After the examination, you can drink and eat immediately after the procedure. Rest and bed rest for several hours are advisable, especially for older people.

Place of procedure:

— X-ray room in the reception and diagnostic building, terminal No. 1 (on the 1st floor) – tel. 41-56-25 - X-ray room in surgical building No. 3 (on the ground floor). Phone is missing

Free by appointment on weekdays - from 8.00 to 10.00 Paid by appointment on Saturday - from 9.00 to 12.00

Registration for the study: Registration office of the RCH clinic – 37-11-26

Carrying out the operation

The patient is placed on one side. Using an enema, the intestines are filled with barium, which is ready for the procedure. X-ray images are taken at the same time.

X-ray images show the location of the intestine, its length, shape, how elastic and stretchable it is.

When emptying the intestine from barium, an image is taken with air to understand whether there are functional or organic disorders in the intestinal wall.

This procedure usually takes half an hour if double contrast is done.

The results take from thirty minutes to three days to interpret (it all depends on the place where the procedure was performed).

Irrigoscopy is done without painkillers or anesthesia. It is painless, but may cause some discomfort.

Authorized Products

The diet of a slag-free diet is allowed to include lean (vegetable) broths and non-concentrated soups based on chicken and beef meat, dietary meats (chicken, turkey, rabbit), low-fat varieties of white fish (pike, cod, perch, pike perch) boiled or steamed .

The diet may include chicken eggs, boiled soft-boiled or in the form of an omelet, butter, semolina and corn cereals, white rice, canned or boiled vegetables without seeds and peels (cucumbers, potatoes, carrots), unrefined vegetable oils, dairy products (yogurt without additives, low-fat cottage cheese, kefir, skim milk), mild cheese, premium wheat pasta, white bread crackers, diet cookies, fruit juice without pulp, compotes without grounds, still drinking water, jelly and compotes from dried fruits, honey, natural syrups and jellies, peaches, apricots, ripe melon, green and herbal tea.

Table of permitted products

What complications

Typically, this type of research is not considered dangerous. Complications during irrigoscopy occur extremely rarely. It happens that a perforation of the intestine occurs and the contrast agent enters the peritoneal cavity. In this case, urgent surgery will be needed.

If suddenly after the operation signs such as nausea, vomiting, fever, pain in the abdominal area, dizziness and weakness up to loss of consciousness appear, then you need to be wary.

A feature of this type of research is the ease of execution, the ability to carry out the procedure with little equipment, and the procedure’s low invasiveness. Further, X-ray images will become visual material for subsequent consultations with doctors to assess the patient’s health status.

The Onco.Rehab clinic guarantees painless and high-quality diagnostics, which will help you in treating the disease.

Preparation for contrast fluoroscopy of the stomach with barium

Preparation for fluoroscopy of the stomach does not require any special measures. The study is performed on an empty stomach; before this, you should not eat or drink for 8–10 hours. To obtain objective data, it is recommended to follow a diet for 3 days before the procedure. Foods that cause flatulence (legumes, brown bread, fatty, fried, smoked foods, fruits, vegetables) should be excluded. Preference is given to lean boiled meat (chicken, beef), lean fish, white stale bread, water-based porridge, and eggs. If you are constipated, you should do a cleansing enema on the eve of the examination. If the patient has pyloric obstruction, then before taking an x-ray with barium, the stomach is washed with a probe. Immediately before the procedure, you must remove any jewelry and remove removable dentures.