The pathogenic process occurring in the body can manifest itself in a variety of ways. Internal pathological processes are indicated by the appearance of symptoms such as belching air and chest pain.
Passive release of gas through the mouth is the cause of increased pressure inside the stomach, pregnancy or more serious diseases that provoke irreversible complications. If pain in the sternum with belching occurs regularly, you should consult a specialist for timely diagnosis and further treatment.
Main reasons
The chest contains vital organs, the functioning of which determines the overall health of the body. With their diseases, patients feel severe pain in the chest and upper abdomen, discomfort during meals, belching of air, etc.
Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum
This is a pathological process characterized by inflammation of the organ mucosa and the formation of defects in it. The main cause of the disease is Helicobacter Pylori. But there are also factors that can cause the disease: poor diet, constant stress and depression, increased secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach, alcohol abuse and smoking (especially on an empty stomach), long-term use of certain medications (NSAIDs).
A peptic ulcer can be suspected if the following symptoms occur: severe pain in the sternum, belching, dyspeptic symptoms, severe thirst, loss of appetite. The clinical picture is similar to gastritis, but you can only find out about the presence of ulcers using FGS. Treatment is conservative.
Gastroesophageal reflux
This is a disease in which inflammation of the lower esophagus occurs as a result of constant reflux of duodenal or gastric contents. When belching, chest pain, sour or bitter taste in the mouth, dyspepsia, constant heartburn, heaviness in the abdomen after each meal, bad breath, excessive salivation during sleep, and hoarseness are noted.
The cause of the pathology is frequent consumption of food at a fast pace and in large quantities, decreased tone of the esophageal sphincter and delayed gastric emptying, esophageal dyskinesia, increased intra-abdominal pressure, narrowing of the esophagus near the lower esophageal sphincter. Therapy is aimed at eliminating unpleasant symptoms and reducing the production of gastric juice.
Gastric diverticula
A congenital or acquired disease in which the formation of protrusions of the gastric wall is noted. Simply put, another “chamber” appears at the stomach. Most often, patients develop one diverticulum, less often several. A congenital disease is an anomaly in the development of the digestive system.
Acquired pathology develops due to a number of reasons: all pathologies that cause spastic contractions of the stomach and increased pressure in it provoke the formation of protrusions (gastritis, neoplasms, peptic ulcer, gastroduodenitis). Symptoms of diverticulitis are vague or not expressed at an early stage.
Most often, the disease manifests itself when complications occur: bleeding, ulcers and perforation.
The patient may experience severe pain in the epigastrium or sternum, frequent belching, nausea and vomiting, stool disorders, vomiting coffee grounds, tarry feces. The course of the disease is characterized by constant exacerbations. Surgical treatment is indicated for large diverticula; uncomplicated protrusions do not require therapy.
Upper digestive system cancer
A group of diseases that differs from all others by the presence of atypical cells. First they affect the mucous membrane of organs, and then they grow deeper and deeper, affecting all layers. The condition of patients with cancer of the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal tract) is quite serious. The transformation of normal cells into malignant cells occurs under the influence of carcinogens.
A provocateur is an excess of salt in food, food additives marked E, smoked and canned foods, marinades and fried foods. Alcoholic drinks, smoking, drugs, and some medications (hormones and aspirin) also contribute to the development of cancer. Heredity plays a significant role.
There is no clinical picture at the onset of the disease; very often, when the first signs appear, stages 3 or 4 of the disease are already noted
Symptoms of cancer are pain behind the breast in the middle or in the upper abdomen (depending on the location of the tumor), poor appetite and weight loss, discomfort in the stomach, especially after eating, nausea and vomiting, rapid satiety, rapid fatigue and weakness.
Treatment is often performed with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy.
Cardiospasm of the esophagus
Constant belching and heartburn
A digestive disorder in which the nervous regulation of the muscles of the lower valve of the esophagus occurs (it stops expanding when food passes through it). The disease has another name – achalasia cardia.
After eating, food does not enter the stomach cavity and stagnates in the esophagus, causing a lot of unpleasant symptoms: pain in the chest, disorders of the act of swallowing food, reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus, resulting in severe heartburn.
The clinical picture increases gradually, but there are cases when the disease begins acutely. The causes of achalasia are mental disorders, stress, changes in the tissues of the nervous system responsible for the digestive process. Treatment is carried out both conservatively and surgically. Considerable importance is given to nutrition and diet.
Treatment
Methods for treating belching and chest pain depending on the disease.
| Name of the disease | Conservative methods | Surgery |
| Gastroesophageal reflux | Proton pump inhibitors, prokinetic agents, antibacterial drugs, probiotics. | Total and partial fundoplication, transthoracic and transabdominal laparoscopic interventions. |
| Achalasia cardia | Pneumocardiodilation, antidopaminergic drugs, antispasmodics, tranquilizers, nitrates, calcium antagonists. | Esophagocardiomyotomy followed by fundoplication. Vagotomy, proximal gastrectomy. |
| Esophageal diverticula | Rinsing and draining the esophagus with warm water or weak antiseptic solutions. | Diverticulectomy, intussusception. |
| Hernia | Drugs to reduce acidity, probiotics, antibiotics. | Nissen fundoplication, Belsey procedure, Allison technique. |
| Cancer | Antibiotics. | Chemotherapy, radio-radiation therapy, surgical removal of affected tissue. |
| Peptic ulcer | Anti-Helicobacter therapy, antacids, proton pump inhibitors. | Gastric resection. |
With a decrease in the level of acidity in the patient’s stomach, the release of gases from the stomach and pain in the chest will also disappear. It is important to eradicate the problem that provokes the appearance of symptoms.
To avoid causing belching and chest pain, preventive measures should be followed. Patients must constantly monitor their diet and avoid foods that irritate the mucous membranes. After stressful situations, you should take a course of sedatives.
Belching and pain during pregnancy
Separately, it is worth considering chest pain and belching during pregnancy. Typically, such symptoms do not appear until the third trimester of pregnancy. Provoking factors are an enlarged uterus and the production of certain hormones that weaken the muscles of the stomach and esophagus. As a result, frequent heartburn and belching of air appear, not associated with food intake.
To get rid of the discomfort that arises, experts recommend following a proper diet and diet, in which all foods that are difficult for digestion are removed from the diet. In some cases, taking sedative medications is indicated.
Belching occurs more often in the last trimester
Preventive actions
In order to prevent the development of this unpleasant symptom, you need to take a number of measures:
- Treat inflammatory processes in a timely and correct manner;
- Eat right, minimize the consumption of salty, spicy, excessively fatty foods;
- To live an active lifestyle;
- Avoid stressful situations;
- Follow a daily routine, set aside enough time for sleep;
- Regularly undergo preventive examinations.
Don't forget: a burning sensation in the sternum can be a sign of serious illness. Its occurrence is a reason to seek professional medical help!
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Diagnostics
In order for a gastroenterologist to correctly diagnose and prescribe effective treatment, it is necessary to undergo a complete examination of the digestive system. The first step is collecting anamnesis: when the first signs of the disease appeared, accompanying symptoms, hereditary factors, etc. The doctor must conduct a physical examination with palpation of all parts of the abdominal cavity. This is followed by laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods.
| Laboratory diagnostics | Method | Short description |
| Clinical blood test | Determining the level of inflammation in the body | |
| Blood chemistry | Detecting abnormalities in the liver, pancreas and kidneys | |
| Feces for occult blood | Determination of blood impurities in stool in cases of damage to the upper and lower digestive organs | |
| Coprogram | Detection of undigested food particles, coarse fibers from food, undigested fat | |
| Instrumental diagnostics | ||
| Estrophagogastroduodenoscopy | Assessing the condition of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, taking a small piece of tissue for biopsy | |
| Test for hydrochloric acid production in the stomach | Helps detect gastric juice volume and acidity | |
| pH-impedancemetry | Detection of acidity using electrodes and alternating current | |
| Ultrasound of the abdominal organs | Determination of tumors and other formations of the stomach, duodenum and pancreas | |
| Colonoscopy | Assessing the condition of the colon mucosa using an endoscope | |
| examination of stomach contents to detect Helicobacter pylori infection | Detection of Helicobacter pylori in gastric juice |
If tumor diseases are suspected, a blood test is prescribed for special tumor markers: CEA, SCCA, CA 19-9, CA 242. Attention! Only a specialist can correctly decipher the results of any research.
Where to go if you have a burning sensation in your chest?
Are you a resident or guest of the capital and are you faced with a similar problem? Contact CELT. Our clinic is multidisciplinary and has departments of various specializations. You can make an appointment with a cardiologist, therapist, neurologist or gastroenterologist and get the help you need.
Our diagnostic department offers ample opportunities for correct diagnosis and identification of pathological conditions in the initial stages of development. Our staff is staffed with highly qualified specialists: doctors of the highest category, candidates and doctors of science with decades of medical practice behind them.
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Causes of a lump in the throat
Doctors divide all causes that can lead to unpleasant sensations in the throat into two groups: somatic and psychogenic.
The first group includes:
- inflammatory processes and tumors in the throat;
- endocrinological diseases;
- osteochondrosis and injuries;
- gastroenterological problems (characterized by a lump in the throat and belching);
- neuralgia.
If we talk about the psychogenic causes of a pressing lump in the throat, then it is worth noting stress, depression, high emotional stress, neuroses and impaired acclimatization.
Feelings of a lump in the throat: diagnosis
If you experience discomfort in your throat, it is recommended that you first consult a physician. After examining the patient and studying the accompanying symptoms, the doctor will write a referral to a highly specialized specialist whose competence is to treat a lump in the throat. In most cases, this can be an otolaryngologist, endocrinologist, oncologist, vertebrologist, gastroenterologist and psychotherapist.
Additional studies to identify the causes of a lump in the throat are advisable to prescribe laboratory methods (general blood test and biochemistry), ultrasound of the thyroid gland, MRI or x-ray of the cervical spine. In this case, the therapist makes the decision.
- Otolaryngologist. Often the feeling of a lump in the throat can be caused by inflammatory processes in the throat and nasopharynx. Sometimes a symptom may indicate a more serious condition, such as a tumor.
- Endocrinologist. A lump in the throat and difficulty breathing are complaints from patients with endocrinological disorders. In this case, we are talking about pathological changes in the thyroid gland with the growth of its structure. To confirm the diagnosis, the patient is recommended to undergo an ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland.
- Oncologist. In rare cases, the cause of a lump in the throat when swallowing can be neoplasms of the larynx, pharynx and esophagus. To make a serious diagnosis, the patient will be prescribed a series of studies.
- Vertebrologist. If a lump in the throat and chest is accompanied by a headache and back pain, you should visit this specialist. If you have osteochondrosis of the cervical spine and are bothered by a lump in your throat, a visit to a vertebrologist should be your first priority.
- Gastroenterologist. The cause of a lump in the throat after eating may be gastroesophageal reflux, a hernia, or irritation of the esophagus. In this case, additional research will be necessary.
- Psychotherapist. It is worth visiting if a lump of air in the throat occurs during stressful situations and disappears after taking sedatives.
Our website contains a complete list of specialists who are ready to carry out the necessary diagnostics with subsequent consultation. Come - we will tell you how to get rid of a lump in your throat. Patients are admitted by prior appointment.
