The name of this disease is taken from Greek, and means the descent of the stomach below the line of its location. In a normal position, the lower line of the stomach should be 2 fingers above the navel. However, there is a descent to the level of the navel and below. There are known cases of prolapse of up to 10 centimeters. Prolapse of the stomach entails anatomical restructuring of all abdominal organs. What treatment is necessary for gastroptosis?
General information
Gastroptosis is a prolapse of the pyloric part of the stomach or its lesser curvature.
Less common is prolapse of the entire organ. The pathology can be congenital or acquired. The disease mainly affects young women. Most often, gastroptosis occurs in patients aged 15 to 45 years, however, the pathology can also be diagnosed in older age groups. The predisposition to the disease in the fairer sex is associated with excessive thinness, frequent diets, childbirth with subsequent sprain of the ligaments and muscles of the abdominal wall. In males, gastroptosis develops when lifting heavy objects with improper load distribution and poor physical activity. Prolapse of the stomach can be easily corrected with massage sessions, therapeutic exercises and other conservative methods.
Causes
Congenital gastroptosis is formed as a result of the specific structure of the body:
- high growth;
- asthenic body type;
- hereditary weakness of the ligamentous apparatus.
Most often, prolapse of the distal stomach is associated with elongation of the mesentery of the large intestine, which is connected to the gastric ligament apparatus. The intestine sinks down due to the mesentery being too long and pulls the stomach with it. Hereditary gastroptosis is characterized by some features:
- long fingers and limbs;
- high growth;
- lack of weight;
- narrow chest.
Reasons provoking the development of acquired gastroptosis:
- sudden weight loss;
- sudden loss of fluid after ascites ;
- removal of large tumors from the abdominal cavity.
Gastroptosis is often diagnosed in women in the postpartum period, which is explained by overstretching and weakening of the ligamentous apparatus and muscle corset during pregnancy. Prolapse of internal organs, including the stomach, is observed in many diseases that are accompanied by cachexia .
The condition of the diaphragm, which sinks down during massive pleurisy, neoplasms of the respiratory system and other lung diseases caused by increased pressure in the abdominal cavity, is important.
Symptoms of gastroptosis
Clinical manifestations depend on the degree of gastric prolapse.
At the initial stage, patients do not show any complaints. Vivid clinical symptoms appear with pronounced prolapse of the organ. The main symptoms of prolapsed stomach:
- pain in the epigastric region that appears immediately after eating;
- discomfort in the stomach after physical activity, jumping, running.
The pain syndrome is associated with overstretching of the stomach and a change in the process of movement of the food bolus through the digestive tract. The pain is aching, dull in nature and can radiate behind the sternum, simulating pain in the heart. When the abdomen is pulled up and the body is in a horizontal position, the pain syndrome is relieved.
Clinical symptoms can be caused not only by the manifestation of gastroptosis , but also by concomitant damage to internal organs. With severe gastroptosis, an inflection of the duodenum is formed, which significantly complicates the passage of a bolus of food through the intestine. Patients complain of belching, constipation, and nausea. Prolapse of the stomach may be accompanied by hepatoptosis and enteroptosis .
CONTRAINDICATIONS
General contraindications:
- inflammatory and infectious diseases with high fever;
- acute period of illness;
- malignant tumors;
- psychical deviations;
- acute thrombosis, embolism, circulatory disorders;
- bleeding, significant pain, negative ECG dynamics.
Exercise therapy is temporarily contraindicated during exacerbation and complications of chronic diseases, vascular crisis, and cardiac arrhythmias.
Exercises should be carried out with caution in cases of severe osteoporosis in the elderly, after fractures, or aortic aneurysm (thoracic or abdominal).
Tests and diagnostics
Gastroptosis can be suspected already upon examination based on a number of external signs. Patients experience sagging abdomen, laxity of the anterior abdominal wall, and lack of weight. Patients complain of fatigue, fatigue, and have an asthenic body type . Palpation determines the downward displacement of the borders of the stomach; in more advanced cases, the fundus of the stomach may descend into the small pelvis.
- FGDS . The study allows you to evaluate the peristalsis of the stomach and diagnose the expansion of its cavity. Normally, the stomach has the shape of a fishhook, but with gastroptosis it lengthens and takes a vertical position.
- R-graphy of the abdominal wall organs . Gastroptosis may not be detected by plain X-ray of the stomach. Only an X-ray with contrast can reveal prolapse, expansion and elongation of the stomach, diagnose a decrease in its motility and a change in its normal position. The injected contrast agent cannot be retained by the walls of the stomach, falls into its lower part and accumulates there. Gastric motility is significantly reduced, evacuation of contents is slowed down.
- Electrogastrography . The study allows you to confirm gastric hypotension.
- Ultrasound of the abdominal organs . The ultrasound research method is considered informative only for the pathology of other organs located in the abdominal cavity.
Lay down on the floor, three-four
- Scissors. Lying on your back, swing with straight legs, spreading and connecting your legs.
- Bridge. Lying on your back, lean on your elbows, slightly bend your knees, raise and lower your pelvis.
- Press. Lying on your back, lift your straightened legs, fixing them in the air for a few seconds. Gradually increase the fixation time.
- Boat. Lying on your stomach, raise your outstretched arms and legs and lock in this position.
- Alternately tense and relax the muscles of the perineum, increasing the pace (the exercise can be done lying down, standing, or sitting).
Diet for gastroptosis
Diet for indigestion
- Efficacy: therapeutic effect after 20 days
- Terms: from 2 months or more
- Cost of products: 1400-1500 rubles. in Week
Meals during gastroptosis should be frequent and in small portions, which avoids overstretching the walls of the stomach. It is recommended to maintain a horizontal position for 1.5-2 hours after eating. Nutritionists help patients select the optimal therapeutic diet in each specific case. The main goal of diet therapy is to provide the body with all the necessary microelements and vitamins , as well as restore normal body weight. Correct eating habits formed during a relapse of the disease allow you to avoid exacerbations throughout your life.
How to treat
Treatment of gastric prolapse in any form should be comprehensive and include traditional and folk methods, exercises aimed at increasing the tone of the abdominal muscles, as well as wearing a bandage during prolapse.
In some cases, patients require surgery. The goal of any therapy to combat gastric prolapse is to:
- relieving painful and uncomfortable sensations,
- elimination of neurological symptoms,
- stabilization of digestive function and normalization of stool.
To cure gastric prolapse, patients are first advised to normalize their diet and practice special exercises, for example, yoga. When lowering, patients experience various deviations from the norm, depending on how they look, the specialist advises the use of additional therapeutic techniques.
Treatment with folk remedies also often helps to cope with a number of symptoms, for example, a constant feeling of nausea.
What diet should you follow?
The diet for prolapsed stomach is not strict, but in some cases patients are advised to give up food for a while and practice fasting. Meals should be small, at least 5-6 times a day, such measures help reduce the load on the gastrointestinal tract.
There are several rules to follow:
- Avoid overeating.
- Divide dietary nutrition into several stages, taking into account the form of pathology.
- The patient is advised to avoid certain types of food, including hot and spicy foods, fatty foods, white bread and pastries, rice and semolina.
- Increase the amount of vegetables and fruits in your diet to compensate for the lack of vitamins.
- Avoid physical activity after meals.
- Give preference to nutritious and quickly digestible foods.
Recommended Exercises
When the stomach prolapses, patients often ask how to lift the organ that has changed position and return it to its place.
Physical prolapse is well treated with special exercise therapy complexes, which are developed individually depending on the form of the pathology and the presence of complications. During the exercises, the loads gradually increase as the abdominal muscles strengthen.
The first training should be carried out under the supervision of an instructor, then the patient can do some of the exercises indicated for prolapse of the stomach independently.
Such exercises and therapeutic exercises have an effect already in the first months and help get rid of a whole list of unpleasant symptoms. When it comes to how to lift the stomach, doctors usually recommend standard complexes, which become more complex as the condition improves.
Treatment of prolapse with such methods gives good results and quickly strengthens the abdominal muscles.
To eliminate drooping belly syndrome, you must perform the following exercises:
- leg lifts from a lying position;
- standard “bicycle”;
- swing your legs from a standing position;
- traditional crunches;
- lifting the pelvis from a lying position.
Massage
Massage for gastroptosis also gives good results, effectively strengthening the abdominal press, increasing intra-abdominal pressure and stimulating the motility of the digestive organs in combination with the normalization of gastric juice.
The duration of one procedure should not exceed 15-20 minutes. The standard course is usually 20 sessions, then there is a break for up to 1.5 months. Massage prescribed for prolapse of the stomach is carried out by a qualified specialist every day to achieve the desired therapeutic effect.
Prognosis and prevention
With gastroptosis, the prognosis is considered favorable. Early training of children in gymnastics, swimming and other moderate exercises is considered the best prevention of pathology. Before planning a pregnancy, it is imperative to strengthen the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall. During pregnancy you need to wear a special bandage. It is recommended to completely avoid vigorous physical activity. If the patient’s work involves heavy physical labor, then it is necessary to switch to easier work.
Suturing of diastasis
Diastasis is a condition in which the distance between the rectus abdominis muscles increases. There are two methods of performing the operation - tension and non-tension. The rehabilitation period is relatively easy. At first there is swelling, hematomas, and pain. The first ones gradually go away on their own, and the pain is relieved with a drug prescribed by the doctor. Cost of the operation:
from 170,000 rubles Make an appointment with a doctor
More about the operation
List of sources
- Stepanov N.P., Ivanov A.I., Tobokhov A.V., Nikolaev V.N., Sleptsov V.D. “Diagnostics and surgical correction of gastroptosis”, article in the journal “Clinical Medicine”
- Shulgai A.M., Kabakova A.B., Klim L.A., Glushko K.T. “The problem of gastroptosis as a manifestation of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia in the practice of a pediatric gastroenterologist,” article in the journal “Clinical Medicine”
- Plechev V.V., Latypov R.Z. “Pancreatobiliary complications in gastroptosis”, article in the journal “Clinical Medicine”
