A pathology such as gastritis causes significant inconvenience and discomfort to people suffering from it. Today, a large number of drugs are produced that help suppress this disease. The whole variety of medicines for gastritis is divided into the following types: painkillers for gastritis and those that eliminate the cause of the disease. These types of medications are effective and each work in its own direction. Let's get acquainted with both types of these drugs.
Painkillers
You should not take painkillers uncontrollably
The cause of pain in the stomach area is the irritating effect on the inflamed mucous membrane. An acidic stomach environment may have this effect. Another cause of pain in the stomach is the appearance of spasms in the smooth muscles. To eliminate these unpleasant symptoms, the patient is prescribed painkillers. The whole variety of painkillers is well known to the attending physicians and they are well versed in their large number. Conventionally, all painkillers are divided into the following types: antacids and antispasmodics.
The first group of drugs includes drugs that help relieve the corrosive acidic effect on inflamed areas of the mucous membrane. Among antacids, there are many drugs that effectively and quickly help with gastritis. Many of them have been very popular and in demand among the population for several years. Antacids usually contain compounds whose components are magnesium or aluminum. They are the ones who have the expected therapeutic effect. Many of these drugs are produced in the form of tablets, gels or suspensions. Penetrating into the body, drugs of this group have an enveloping effect on the mucous membrane. In this case, the excess amount of hydrochloric acid is neutralized. located in the space of the stomach. This type of drugs includes:
- Phosphalugel;
- Rennie;
- Gaviscon;
- Almagel;
- Maalox.
The second group of drugs includes drugs that have a potent effect on the source of pain. The main one of this type of antispasmodics is no-spa. It is widely used in medical institutions in the form of injections. No-shpa is especially often used by doctors in hospital inpatient settings. When using no-shpa to relieve the body of pain, the attending physician carefully monitors the patient’s condition. For outpatient treatment, no-spa, produced in the form of tablets, is prescribed. In any form of release, no-spa is a highly effective medicine that has a therapeutic effect on the body.
Instructions for use KETOROL
Ketorol is intended for intramuscular injection; the drug should not be used for epidural or spinal administration. The solution is injected slowly IM (deep into the muscle). The onset of the analgesic effect is about 30 minutes with its maximum severity within 1-2 hours, the average duration of analgesia is 4-6 hours.
Administration of the drug several times a day for more than 2 days is not recommended, since in most cases patients do not require longer-term analgesic therapy, or can be switched to oral ketorolac. In this case, the duration of use of ketorolac parenterally and orally should not exceed 5 days in total.
To achieve maximum analgesic effect in the early postoperative period, it is possible to use ketorolac and narcotic analgesics together; the daily dose of the latter in this case is reduced. Ketorolac does not affect the addiction of copioids and does not increase the associated respiratory depression or sedation.
Dose selection and adjustment should be made in accordance with the intensity of pain and response to the drug. To minimize side effects, it is recommended to use the minimum effective dose for the shortest possible course of treatment.
Adults:
The usually recommended initial dose of Ketorol is 10-30 mg, followed by 10-30 mg every 4-6 hours. In the early postoperative period, it is permissible to administer the drug every 2 hours, if necessary. The maximum daily dose is 90 mg/day, in patients with body weight less than 50 kg - no more than 60 mg/day.
Elderly patients (over 65):
It is recommended to use the drug in a dose of 10-15 mg every 4-6 hours, the total dose should not exceed 60 mg/day. Due to the higher risk of side effects in this group of patients, the minimum possible duration of treatment and regular monitoring of the patient’s condition to exclude gastrointestinal bleeding are recommended.
Children:
The safety and effectiveness of ketorolac in children have not been confirmed; the drug is not recommended for use in children under 16 years of age.
Patients with impaired renal function:
the use of ketorolac is contraindicated in patients with severe and moderate renal impairment. In case of mild renal dysfunction, it is permissible to use Ketorol in a dose of no more than 60 mg/day.
If it is necessary to combine parenteral and oral administration of Ketorol, the total daily dose should not exceed 90 mg (60 mg in persons over 65 years of age, with a body weight of less than 50 kg or impaired renal function), while the dose of the drug taken orally should not exceed 40 mg/day . It is recommended to quickly transfer the patient only to the oral form of the drug.
Application
The choice of painkillers is quite wide
If gastritis develops in the body, painkillers should be taken by the patient as prescribed by the attending physician. They are prescribed when the patient complains of frequent cramps and abdominal pain. Often, this category of drugs is prescribed to patients with other known diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract. These medications should be taken according to the instructions of the attending physician or the instructions supplied with the medications. To quickly achieve a recovery effect, you should not independently increase the dose of the drug. This can lead to unpredictable and irreversible consequences for the body. If you take this group of medications in excess, the patient may experience hallucinations and, in some cases, seizures.
Typically, analgesic medications are prescribed to people suffering from excess secretion.
It is with this form of gastritis that they are most effective. There are cases where excessive use of analgesic drugs for gastritis caused the patient to develop a strong and causeless desire to urinate.
Ketorol Express, 20 pcs., 10 mg, tablets dispersible in the oral cavity
The simultaneous use of ketorolac with acetylsalicylic acid or other NSAIDs, calcium preparations, glucocorticosteroids, ethanol, corticotropin can lead to a significant increase in the risk of adverse reactions, including the formation of gastrointestinal ulcers and the development of gastrointestinal bleeding.
When ketorolac is used simultaneously with other NSAIDs (including COX-2 inhibitors), fluid retention, cardiac decompensation, and increased blood pressure may occur.
Concomitant use of ketorolac with indirect anticoagulants, thrombolytics, antiplatelet agents, cefoperazone, cefotetan and pentoxifylline increases the risk of bleeding.
Probenecid reduces the plasma clearance and volume of distribution of ketorolac, increases its concentration in the blood plasma and increases its T1/2.
The combined use of ketorolac with valproate causes disruption of platelet aggregation.
When using ketorolac with other nephrotoxic drugs (including gold preparations), the risk of developing nephrotoxicity increases.
Combined use with paracetamol increases the nephrotoxicity of ketorolac.
Drugs that block tubular secretion reduce the clearance of ketorolac and increase its concentration in the blood plasma.
The combined use of ketorolac with methotrexate increases the hepato- and nephrotoxicity of methotrexate. The combined use of ketorolac and methotrexate is possible only when using low doses of the latter. The clearance of methotrexate may decrease (it is necessary to monitor the concentration of methotrexate in the blood plasma).
With the use of ketorolac, it is possible to reduce the clearance of lithium, increase its concentration in the blood plasma and increase the toxic effect of lithium. Simultaneous use with lithium salts is contraindicated.
Ketorolac reduces the effect of antihypertensive and diuretic drugs (the synthesis of prostaglandins in the kidneys is reduced).
Ketorolac enhances the effect of narcotic analgesics. When combined with opioid analgesics, the doses of the latter can be significantly reduced.
Ketorolac enhances the hypoglycemic effect of insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs, and therefore it is necessary to recalculate the dose of these drugs.
Ketorolac increases the plasma concentrations of verapamil and nifedipine.
Concomitant use of NSAIDs and mifepristone may reduce the effectiveness of mifepristone. NSAIDs are not recommended for use within 8-12 days after using mifepristone.
Concomitant use of NSAIDs and cyclosporine increases the risk of nephrotoxicity.
The simultaneous use of NSAIDs and quinolone antibiotics increases the risk of developing seizures.
Concomitant use of NSAIDs and tacrolimus increases the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Concomitant use of NSAIDs and zidovudine increases the risk of hematological toxicity.
When used simultaneously with digoxin, ketorolac does not interfere with the binding of digoxin to plasma proteins. Therapeutic concentrations of digoxin do not affect the binding of ketorolac to plasma proteins.
Antacids do not affect the absorption of ketorolac.
Myelotoxic drugs increase the manifestations of hematotoxicity of ketorolac.
Contraindications
Drugs that have an analgesic effect on the body for gastritis have their own contraindications. Based on them, you should not abuse these medications, since you still won’t be able to achieve a positive effect on recovery. These medications are not recommended for people with:
- Development of tuberculosis;
- Crohn's disease;
- The occurrence of a certain type of colitis;
- Infections with intestinal microbes.
By following these recommendations, you can protect yourself and maintain your health.
Depressant medications
Some drugs have not only analgesic, but also a therapeutic effect
These medications are considered to be certain categories of drugs that have a positive therapeutic effect for those suffering from gastritis, which is characterized by high acidity. This includes:
- Proton pump inhibitors. The action of these drugs is based on reducing the acidity characteristic of gastric juice. Medicines work at the molecular level. These include drugs: omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, omeza.
- Antisecretory agents. With the help of this category of drugs, a decrease in the enzymatic compound such as pepsin is observed in the body. Thanks to these drugs, the amount of hydrochloric acid in the body decreases, and as a result, there is an increase in the synthesis of mucus, as well as various compounds that have an anti-inflammatory effect. Antisecretory drugs are: quamatel, ranitidine, famotidine.
- Atropine-like drugs. They are produced in the form of tablets containing large amounts of belladonna extract. These medications for gastritis are not currently used in medicine, as they have side effects on the body. These include bellalgin. In some cases, doctors resort to using this drug to get rid of gastritis. The action of bellalgin is based on reducing the amount of hydrochloric acid in the body and providing an analgesic effect.
Medicines belonging to the first category of drugs are in greatest demand and preference. They provide the greatest therapeutic effect by reducing stomach acidity.
The achieved effect from taking proton pump inhibitors lasts for 24 hours.
Instructions for use KETOROL INSTA
Prescription for patients with impaired liver function
:
- prescribed with caution. While taking ketorolac, liver enzyme levels may increase. If there are functional abnormalities in the liver while taking ketorolac, a more severe pathology may develop. If signs of liver pathology are detected, treatment should be stopped.
Patients with renal failure or a history of kidney disease
:
- ketorolac is prescribed with caution.
Food
:
- reduces the rate, but does not affect the volume of absorption of ketorolac.
Impact on laboratory test results
:
- it is possible to increase bleeding time when studying coagulation parameters.
Since a significant proportion of patients who are prescribed ketorolac develop side effects from the central nervous system (drowsiness, dizziness, headache), it is recommended to avoid performing work that requires increased attention and quick reaction.
Children
Not used in children
Risk during childbirth:
- may adversely affect fetal circulation and suppress uterine contractions.
Impact on the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery
:
- During the treatment period, care must be taken when driving vehicles and engaging in other potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions.
Precautionary measures
The maximum duration of use, including the use of parenteral forms, should not exceed 5 days
.
Gastrointestinal bleeding, ulceration and perforation
.
Gastrointestinal bleeding, ulceration or perforation, which may be fatal, has been reported with the use of NSAIDs at any time from the start of treatment. Such bleeding can develop with or without warning symptoms or in the case of severe disorders of the digestive tract in the anamnesis. The risk of severe gastrointestinal bleeding depends on the dosage of the drug. This, in particular, applies to elderly patients who use ketorolac in an average daily dose above 60 mg. For these patients, as well as for patients who are concomitantly using low doses of acetylsalicylic acid or other drugs that may increase gastrointestinal risk, combination treatment with protective agents (eg, misoprostol or proton pump inhibitors) should be considered. Ketorol Insta should be used with caution in patients receiving concurrent medications that may increase the risk of ulceration or bleeding, such as oral corticosteroids, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or antiplatelet agents such as acetylsalicylic acid. If gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration occurs in patients receiving Ketorol Insta, the course of treatment should be discontinued.
Respiratory dysfunction.
Caution is required when using the drug in patients with bronchial asthma (or with a history of asthma), since NSAIDs have been reported to accelerate the onset of bronchospasm in such patients.
Influence on the kidneys
.
Prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitors (including NSAIDs) have been reported to have nephrotoxic effects. The drug should be prescribed with caution to patients with impaired renal, cardiac, or liver function, since the use of NSAIDs may lead to deterioration of renal function. Patients with mildly impaired renal function are prescribed lower doses of ketorolac (those that do not exceed 60 mg per day intramuscularly or intravenously), and the renal condition of such patients should be carefully monitored. As with other drugs that inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, increases in serum urea, creatinine, and potassium have been reported during use of ketorolac tromethamine, which may occur after a single dose.
Cardiovascular, renal and liver disorders
.
The drug should be used with caution in patients with conditions that lead to a decrease in blood volume and/or renal blood flow, when renal prostaglandins play a supporting role in ensuring renal perfusion. In these patients, renal function should be monitored. The volume reduction should be corrected and serum urea and creatinine levels and the volume of urine excreted carefully monitored until the patient becomes normovolemic. In patients on renal dialysis, the clearance of ketorolac was reduced by approximately half the normal rate, and the terminal half-life was approximately tripled. Patients with impaired liver function due to cirrhosis did not have any clinically significant changes in ketorolac clearance or terminal half-life. Borderline increases in one or more liver function tests may occur. These abnormalities may be temporary, may remain unchanged, or may progress with continued treatment. If clinical signs and symptoms indicate the development of liver disease or if systemic manifestations are observed, Ketorol Insta should be discontinued.
Fluid retention and swelling
Fluid retention and edema have been reported during use of ketoroalc and should be used with caution in patients with cardiac decompensation, hypertension, or similar conditions.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects
.
There is currently insufficient information to assess such a risk for ketorolac tromethamine. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension, congestive heart failure, diagnosed coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease and/or cerebrovascular disease should be under medical supervision.
Systemic lupus erythematosus and mixed connective tissue diseases
.
In patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and various mixed connective tissue diseases, the risk of developing aseptic meningitis increases.
Dermatological
.
Ketorol Insta should be discontinued at the first signs of a skin rash, damage to the mucous membranes or any other signs of hypersensitivity.
Anaphylactic (anaphylactoid) reactions
.
As with the use of other NSAIDs, anaphylactic (anaphylactoid) reactions (including anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, flushing, rash, hypotension, laryngeal edema, Quincke's edema) may occur in patients who have no or no history of hypersensitivity to aspirin, other NSAIDs or ketorolac. This set of symptoms may also occur in individuals with a history of bronchospastic reactivity (eg, asthma) and nasal polyps. Anaphylactoid reactions, such as anaphylaxis, can be fatal. Therefore, ketorolac should not be taken by patients with a history of asthma, and by patients with complete or partial nasal polyp syndrome, angioedema and bronchospasm. If anaphylactoid reactions occur, seek emergency medical attention.
Hematological effects
.
Patients with bleeding disorders should not be prescribed Ketorol Insta. Patients receiving anticoagulant therapy may have an increased risk of bleeding if ketorolac is used concomitantly. Patients receiving other drugs that may affect the rate of bleeding control should be carefully monitored when ketorolac is prescribed to them. In controlled clinical trials, the incidence of significant postoperative bleeding was less than 1%. Ketorolac inhibits platelet aggregation and prolongs bleeding time. In patients with normal bleeding times, the duration of bleeding increased, but did not exceed the normal range of 2-11 minutes. In contrast to the long-term effects resulting from the use of acetylsalicylic acid, platelet function returns to normal within 24-48 hours after discontinuation of ketorolac. Ketorolac should not be prescribed to patients who have undergone surgery with a high risk of bleeding or incomplete control of bleeding. Caution should be used if mandatory bleeding control is critical. Ketorol Insta is not an anesthetic and does not have sedative or anxiolytic properties; therefore, it is not recommended as a premedication before surgery to maintain anesthesia.
Other treatments for gastritis
Some painkillers are available by prescription only
To treat this pathology, it is necessary to comprehensively follow all recommendations and instructions. To begin with, the patient should adhere to a certain diet that helps improve the overall well-being of the body. The diet is based on drinking a significant amount of liquid, which helps reduce the level of acidity in the stomach. The diet of a patient on a diet should include jelly, mashed porridge, low-fat broths and soups.
You should use only those drugs and medications for gastritis that are prescribed by your doctor. Sometimes patients are recommended to take antibiotics. This happens in cases of gastritis development due to an infectious bacterium entering the body. A good therapeutic effect for gastritis is achieved from using the juice of a plant such as plantain. Once in the body, it has a healing effect and helps relieve spasms and eliminate pain. In addition to plantain, sea buckthorn juice helps with gastritis. Consuming it an hour before meals significantly improves the overall well-being of the body.
With gastritis, the patient should not drink alcohol, or get involved in such bad habits as smoking. These factors contribute to an increased irritant effect on the inflamed mucosa. The medications discussed in the article have an effective effect on the body for gastritis. They should be used only as prescribed and dosed by the attending physician. You should not get carried away with self-medication, especially with gastritis, as this disease can become more serious and dangerous for the body.
