Hemotest: Gastrin (venous blood) - get tested at an affordable price in Moscow and other cities

Detailed description of the study

The implementation of basic digestive functions in the body is a complex process that is regulated by the work of a number of gastrointestinal peptides.

Gastrointestinal hormones (peptides) are a group of substances that are produced by glandular cells of the mucous membrane lining the gastrointestinal tract. Insufficient or excessive synthesis of gastrointestinal hormones, which occurs due to a number of pathologies of the digestive system, disrupts normal digestive processes.

One of the representatives of this group of hormones is gastrin. It is synthesized by special endocrine G cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrin acts on specific gastrin receptors in the stomach and stimulates the synthesis of hydrochloric acid. Normally, the secretion of hydrochloric acid increases after eating and then decreases. An increase in the concentration of hydrochloric acid reduces the production of gastrin through a feedback mechanism.

Gastrin also affects the formation of gastric juice, bile and mucus. Regulates the digestive process, affecting the motility of the stomach and small intestine. This hormone also affects the motor activity of muscles in the wall of the stomach and small intestine.

Hypergastrinemia (excessive synthesis of gastrin) occurs due to a number of pathologies of the digestive system (gastritis, peptic ulcer), stress, B12-deficiency anemia and malignant tumors of the stomach.

Excessive synthesis of gastrin (hypergastrinemia) occurs due to pathological changes in the digestive system (hyperplasia of G cells that produce this hormone, with B12-deficiency anemia, benign and malignant neuroendocrine formations of the stomach - gastrinomas).

Due to prolonged hypergastrinemia, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome is formed.

Patients complain of:

Weakness;
Loss of appetite;
Severe pain in the solar plexus area;
Nausea;
Vomiting;
Diarrhea.

During instrumental studies, multiple ulcers can be detected in the stomach, duodenum and small intestine. Benign or malignant gastrinoma (a tumor that produces gastrin) is also diagnosed. Gastrinoma is usually located in the duodenum or pancreas.

Most often, a malignant gastrinoma is diagnosed, which has practically not manifested itself in any way before. Malignant gastrinoma, as a rule, actively metastasizes to neighboring organs and tissues.

Diagnosis of gastrinomas presents certain difficulties, because patients, as a rule, use drugs from the proton pump inhibitor group to suppress the symptoms of the disease.

Laboratory diagnosis is based on determining the level of gastrin in the blood serum in combination with determining the basal level of gastric secretion, conducting provocative tests (with intravenous administration of calcium or synthetic secretin). With gastrinoma, severe hypergastrinemia (more than 150 pg/ml) will be observed.

To clarify the nature of the tumor, it is necessary to conduct an immunohistochemical study, and evaluate the functional activity by reaction with antibodies to the corresponding hormones.

An increase in gastrin synthesis is also provoked by the use of certain medications, these include proton pump inhibitors, antacids, glucocorticoids and others.

Determining the level of gastrin in the blood serum is an important diagnostic test to determine the causes of ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract and if gastrinoma is suspected. Also, based on the results of the study, the specialist determines the tactics of further therapy.

Recommendations

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GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000017165 - Ensembl, May 2017
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References

Clinical recommendations. Neuroendocrine tumors., approved. Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2022.
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GastroPanel (Gastrin-17 basic: Pepsinogen I, Pepsinogen II, Antibodies to Helicobacter, IgG)

Detailed description of the study

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References

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